I'm a little late to the game, but a lot of folks have been posting their default apps so I here's my current list as of April 2024.
NOTE: There are a lot of standard Apple apps in the list, but after trying a lot of alternatives I went back to them. Usually the case was that the alternative was way more than I needed and I didn't see the benefit of paying for a subscription. Not saying those apps aren't great (Fantastical, Mimestream, etc), they just weren't for me.
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📨 Mail Client: Apple Mail 
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📮 Mail Server: Gmail 
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📝 Notes: Craft 
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✅ To-Do: Things 
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🌅 Photo Library: iCloud 
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📷 Photo Management: Apple Photos 
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📆 Calendar: Apple Calendar 
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☁️ Cloud File Storage: iCloud 
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📖 RSS: Readwise Reader 
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📇 Contacts: Apple Contacts 
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🌐 Browser: Mac: Arc, iOS: Safari (I do switch back to Safari on the Mac for certain things) 
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💬 Chat: iMessage, Discord 
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📑 Read It Later: Readwise Reader 
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📜 Word Processing: Apple Pages 
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📈 Spreadsheets: Apple Numbers 
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📊 Presentations: Apple Keynote 
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🛒 Shopping Lists: Apple Reminders 
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🍴 Meal Planning: Mela 
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🎵 Music: Apple Music (sometimes YouTube music) 
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🎤 Podcasts: Apple Podcasts (formerly Overcast) 
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🔐 Password Management: 1Password 
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🍿 Media Tracking: Sequel 
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💻 Terminal: iTerm 
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🖼️ Screenshots: CleanShot X 
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📦 Package Tracking: Parcel